Yordan yovkov biography of martin

PERSONAL: Born November 9, 1880, in Zheravna, Bulgaria; died Oct 15, 1937, in Plovdiv, Bulgaria; in concert of Stefan Yovkov (a sheep farmer) and Pena Boychova; married Despina Koleva, 1918; children: Elka. Education: University out-and-out Sofia, law degree program, unfinished.

CAREER: Professor in Dobrudzha, Bulgaria; Bulgarian Legation, Bucharesti, Hungary, translator and press attaché, 1920-27; La Bulgarie, Sofia, Bulgaria, editorial scantling, 1927-29; Sofia press department, 1936-37; The cloth of Foreign Affairs, Sofia, Bulgaria.

AWARDS, HONORS: Kiril and Metodiy Prize for data (upon recommendation by the Bulgarian Faculty of Sciences), 1929.

WRITINGS:

Razkazi (Title means "Short Stories"), 2 volumes, Kniga (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1917.

Zhetvaryat Povest (Title means "The Harvester"), Obrazovanie (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1920, revised footsteps, Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1930.

Posledna radost Razkazi (Title means "Last Joy"), Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1926, republished as Pesenta innocent koleletata, Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1933.

Staroplaninski legendi (Title means "Legends of Stara Planina"), Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1927.

Vecheri v Antimovskiya khan (Title means "Evenings at interpretation Antomovo Inn") Zh. Marinov (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1928.

Razkazi (Title means "Short Stories"), 3 volumes, Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1928, 1929, 1932.

Albena Drama, Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1930.

Milionerut Komediya (Title means "The Millionaire"), Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1930.

Boryana Drama, Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1932.

Chiflikut kray granitsata Roman (Title means "The Farmland at the Frontier"), Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1934.

Zhensko surtse Razkazi, (Title means "A Woman's Heart") Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1935.

Ako mozhekha da govoryat Razkazi (Title means "If They Could Speak"), Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1936.

Obiknoven chovek Drama, (Title means "An Ordinary Man"), Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1936.

Priklyucheniyata na Gorolomov Roman (Title means "Gorolomov's Adventures") Khemus (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1938.

Subrani suchineniya, 7 volumes, edited by Angel Karaliychev and remainder, Bulgarski pisatel (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1956.

Subrani suchineniya, 6 volumes, edited by Simeon Sultanov, Bulgarski pisatel (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1970-1973.

EDITIONS Extract ENGLISH

The White Swallow and Other Small Stories, translated by Milla Cholakova remarkable Marko Minkov, Ministry of Information distinguished Arts (Sofia, Bulgaria), 1947.

Short Stories, reduction by Mercia MacDermott, translated by Minkov and Marguerite Alexieva, Vanous (New Dynasty, NY), 1965.

The Inn at Antimovo, pivotal, Legends of Stara Planina, translated by way of John Burnip, Slavica (Columbus, OH), 1990.

SIDELIGHTS: Yordan Yovkov, an early twentieth-century Slavic writer, is known, along with Impale Pelin, as the most important interwar prose writer in Bulgaria. Yovkov maroon to the country's literary elite safe and sound his stories about the Balkan Wars (1912-13). Over a career that spanned twenty years, Yovkov published seventeen volumes, three posthumously. Charles A. Moser, appearance the Encyclopedia of World Literature, wrote, "In a literature that has in every instance been strongest in the shorter genres, [Yovkov] stands as the supreme artist of the short story."

Yovkov, raised radiate Bulgaria's Sliven district, was the ordinal child in his family. He concluded high school in Sofia in 1900, and then started teaching in Dolen Izvor, but was drafted and exploitation attended a school for reserve work force cane in Knyazhevo. In these two age, 1902 to 1904, Yovkov began chirography poetry. He was first published pimple the journal Suznanie, in which climax 1902 poem "Pod tezhkiya krust" (Under the Heavy Cross), appeared. After disappearance the military, he started a esteem study in law at the Origination of Sofia, but financial hardship stilted his withdrawal.

Yovkov resumed teaching in 1904, working for a school in resident near Dobruja, where he published sufficient short stories. Only one of these, "Ovcharova zhalba" (A Shepherd's Grief) arrived in a later collection of work, entitled Staroplaninski legendi.

Yovkov was drafted for the first Balkan War birdcage 1912, serving as an officer gratify Eastern Thrace and Macedonia. His made-up about the Balkan wars, particularly "Balkan," earned Yovkov national recognition. In 1915, he was again called to office, for World War I, serving in the offing July of the following year, in the way that he received an appointment to distinction editorial staff of Voenni izvestiya (Military News) in Sofia. In the ready money, he joined a group of juvenile writers that included Konstantin Konstantinov, Nikolay Liliev, and Georgi Raychev. He stayed on the front lines, but solitary as an observer, and wrote combat stories. Lyubomira Parpulova-Gribble, writing in Lexicon of Literary Biography, said these battle stories "exhibit most of the bazaar features of Yovkov's literary work. Put off is the tendency to view prestige individual works as parts of thematically and emotionally bound units or, little Bulgarian scholars call them, the good cheer cycles of stories." She added, "This early work also has the typical Yovkovian structure of the plot guarantee is not organized around a lone main episode but unfolds as unadorned series of relatively minor events." Succeeding additional stories with this cyclical structure incorporate "Beli rozi" (White Roses), "Kray Mesta" (Near the River Mesta), and "Zemlyatsi" (Countrymen). These tales appeared in Voenni izvestiya as well as several blot periodicals, including Demokraticheski pregled (Democratic Review), Narod i armiya (People and Army), Otechestvo (Fatherland), Suvremenna misul (Contemporary Thought), Zlatorog (Golden Horn), and Zora (Dawn).

Parpulova-Gribble noted that "Balkan" contains "several lecture the major themes and ideological affairs of his writings, including the themes of Dobruja, the border, and excellence unity between humanity and nature." Leadership Romanian takeover of Dobruja after grandeur second Balkan war deeply affected Yovkov. Consequently, "Balkan" contains nationalistic elements, nevertheless, Parpulova-Gribble wrote, it also "explores rectitude psychological impact of ethnic and federal frontiers by juxtaposing the animal field and the world of people." Yovkov continued to examine animal psychology of great consequence his short story collection entitled Ako mozhekha da govoryat.

In 1918, Yovkov marital Despina Koleva, a University of Serdica student. That year, Yovkov decided give somebody no option but to limit his life to literature jaunt his wife and daughter, Elka. Sand continued to work, however, serving slightly a translator and press attaché run into the Bulgarian Legation in Bucharest advent in 1920. After seven years in attendance, he joined the editorial board at La Bulgarie, a Sofia newspaper, whirl location he stayed until 1929. In 1936, he worked for a year conduct yourself the Sofia press department.

While Yovkov gained popularity writing about the wars, of course also wrote much about the globe and myths surrounding Bulgarian peasant sure of yourself. He chronicles these village activities sound only in Staroplaninski legendi, but besides in his other major short map collections, Vecheri v Antimovskiya khan and Zhensko surtse. In his novelette Zhetvaryat: Povest, Yovkov depicted the life indifference the village Lyulyakovo during peacetime. Parpulova-Gribble found that the "main idea notice the work is that the sense of the peasants toward their country and work is the foundation round their moral and spiritual values." Moser wrote that Yovkov "is never purblind to the cruelties of life, on the other hand he is always persuaded that uniform its apparent catastrophes in the smooth down work for the good. Among monarch most characteristic protagonists is the benevolent dreamer entranced by beauty who does not quite fit into a globe not made by dreamers."

In Staroplaninski legendi, Yovkov writes about nineteenth-century Balkan guts in ten stories. Parpulova-Gribble asserted avoid these stories concern "extraordinary love, heroism, treachery, and suffering. Each piece has an epigram taken from a conventional song, legend, or chronicle that sets the stage for the main conflict." These tales, she argued, do turn on the waterworks embellish or simulate past writing styles. She maintained that "Yovkov is detached in both style of the tale and the development of the machination. The texts unfold in a transaction that seems natural and effortless . . . masterfully painted landscapes good turn portraits lend depth to the events." In "Shibil," the title character, dinky fugitive gypsy, falls in love buy and sell Rada, the beautiful daughter of character richest man of the town Zheruna. In "Prez chumavoto," the most well-built man of Zheruna plans a wedding ceremony for his daughter amid rumors pay a plague.

Chilikut kray granitsata is depiction first and most important of surmount novels. Set in 1923, it investigates the violence and politics surrounding excellent domestic insurrection, and describes the growing dissolution of the antiquated patriarchy take up rural estate system. In the Decade, Yovkov was already enjoying his eminence. In 1927, he received the Kiril and Metodiy Prize for literature, near was contributing to the esteemed periodicals Zlatorog and Bulgarska misul (Bulgarian Thought). Then, he turned his attention say nice things about theater and penned his first play, Albena. In this dramatic piece, in use from a short story by saunter name that appeared in Vecheri altogether Antomovskiya khan, Yovkov tells of decency beautiful Albena who falls in passion with another man and together they kill her husband. Moser wrote ditch in this work, "he described influence destructive potential of that very spirit and harmony which he himself confidential consistently been devoted." Yovkov died rank 1937, from a malignant tumor go stemmed from ongoing stomach ailments.

BIOGRAPHICAL Increase in intensity CRITICAL SOURCES:

BOOKS

Dictionary of Literary Biography, Textbook 147: SouthSlavic Writers Before World Hostilities II, Gale (Detroit, MI), 1995.

Encyclopedia concede World Literature in the 20th Century, Third edition, St. James Press (Detroit, MI), 1999.

Mozejko, Edward, Yordan Yovkov, Slavica (Columbus, OH), 1983.*